SEARCH
ENGINE
A web
search engine is a software system that is designed to search for information
on the World Wide Web. The search results are generally presented in a line of
results referred to as search engine results pages. The information may be a
mix of web pages, images and other type of files.
Importance of Search engine:
(1)
Search engine essentially act as filters for the wealth of information
available on the Internet.
(2) They allow users to quickly and easily
find information that is of genuine interest to them without the need to look
into irrelevant pages.
(3)Search engines make sure that they
deliver the results that are relevant to what the users search by maintaining
databases of web pages, which they develop by using automated programs known as
spiders or robots to collect information.
(4) Search engines matter because they
increasingly determine the information about brands, products and services that
customers access online.
NETWORK
A network is defined as a group of two or more computer systems linked
together for the purpose of sharing resources.
The networking computer devices exchange data with each other using a
data link. The connections between the nodes are established using either cable
media or wireless media.
Types of network:
(1) Local Area Network (LAN): A LAN
connects network devices over a relatively short distance. A networked office
building, school or home usually contains a single LAN. Occasionally a LAN will
span a group of nearby buildings.
(2) Wide Area Network (WAN): A WAN spans
a large physical distance. The Internet is the largest WAN, spanning the Earth.
A WAN is a geographically-dispersed collection of LANs. A network device called
router connects LANs to a WAN.
(3) Metropolitan Area Network MAN): A network spanning a physical area larger than
a LAN but smaller than a WAN, such as a city. A MAN is typically owned by and
operated by a single entity such as government body or large corporation.
(4) Wireless Local Area Network: A
LAN based on Wi-Fi wireless network technology.
CLOUD COMPUTING
Cloud computing is a type of Internet-based computing that provides
shared computer processing resources and data to computers and other devices on
demand.
It is a model for enabling on demand-access to a shared pool of configurable
computing resources with minimal management effort.
Deployment model:
There are basically three deployment
models:
(1) Private cloud:
This infrastructure is operated solely for a single organization, whether
managed internally or by a third party, and hosted either internally or
externally.
It requires a significant level and degree
of engagement to visualize the business environment.
It improves the business, but every step in the project raises security
issues that must be addressed to prevent serious vulnerabilities.
(2) Public cloud:
A cloud is called a “public cloud” when the services are rendered over a
network that is open for public use.
Technically there may be little or no difference between public and
private cloud architecture, however, security consideration may be
substantially different for services that are made available by a service
provider for a public audience.
Public cloud service providers like Amazon web services, Microsoft and
Google own and operate the infrastructure at their data center and access is
generally via the Internet.
(3) Hybrid cloud:
Hybrid cloud is a composition of two or more clouds (private or public
or community) that remain distinct entities but are bound together, offering
the benefits of multiple deployment models.
A hybrid cloud service crosses isolation and provider boundaries so that
it can't be simply put in one category of public, private or community cloud
service.
Example of Hybrid cloud is one where IT organizations use public cloud
computing resources to meet the temporary capacity needs that cannot be met by
private clouds.
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